Benchmarking Fluvial Dynamics for Process‐Based River Restoration: the Upper Rhine River (1816–2014)

Multi‐temporal analysis of river‐floodplain processes is a key tool for the identification of reference conditions or benchmarks and for the evaluation of deviations or deficits as a basis for process‐based river restoration in large modified rivers. This study developed a methodology for benchmarking fluvial processes at river segment level, focusing on those interrelations between morphodynamics (aggradation, erosion, channel shift) and vegetation succession (initial, colonization, transition) that condition habitat structure. Habitat maps of the free‐flowing Upper Rhine River downstream from Iffezheim dam (France–Germany border) were intersected with a geographic information system‐based approach. Patches showing trajectories of anthropization, changeless, progression and regression allowed for the identification of natural and human‐induced processes over almost 200 years. Before channelization, the riverine system was characterized by a shifting habitat mosaic with natural heterogeneity, high degree of surface water connectivity and equilibrium between progression and regression processes. On the other hand, the following 175 years of human interventions led to severe biogeomorphologic deficits evidenced by loss of natural processes and habitat heterogeneity, hydrological disconnection between the river and its floodplain and imbalance of progression versus regression dynamics. The main driving forces of change are found in hydromorphological impacts (channelization, regulation and hydropower plant construction). Regression processes are now almost absent and have to be the objective of process‐based river restoration measures for the studied river‐floodplain system. A sustainable view on water management and river restoration should aim at a more resilient riverine system by balancing the recovery of natural processes with societal needs. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

八羰基二钴的合成

本文考察了反应起始原料、催化剂及其加入量、溶剂和压力对八羰基二钴合成的影响，得出了最佳的合成条件．     

烷烃中少量芳烃的固定床和模拟移动床吸附

在实验研究烷烃中少量芳烃的固定床吸附动态过程和模拟移动床吸附动态过程的基础上,用固定床和模拟移动床线性推动力模型进行了模拟计算,可得到如下结论:在本文的实验条件下,固定床吸附动态模型和模拟移动床吸附动态模型拟合的结果均与实验值相符;但从技术性能指标和技术经济指标两个角度都反映出对脱除烷烃中的少量芳烃的吸附分离过程,用固定床吸附过程比模拟移动床吸附过程更具有可行性。这些结果为在直链烷基苯的生产过程中,降低循环烷烃中芳构化物的含量,实现延长脱氢催化剂的寿命,提高烷基苯的产量提供了技术基础。     

纳米二氧化硅模板的制备

以微乳液法制备纳米二氧化硅（SiO2）粒子，经压制、烧结制备SiO2模板。通过红外（IR）、热分析（TGDTA）、扫描电镜（SEM）等方法对SiO2模板进行表征，结果表明所得SiO2粒度在100nm左右．烧结温度在800℃时，SiO2粒子之间将实现颈长，有利于有机／无机杂化多孔材料的制备。     

一种检测单晶炉热场温度的新方法

为去除单晶炉热场温度测量信号中的低频干扰、提高温度信号的估计精度,本文提出了一种基于跨维模拟退火(trans dimensional simulated annealing,TDSA)的单晶炉热场温度检测方法.该方法首先将AIC(Akaike information criterion)信号个数判断准则纳入采样机制中以便对干扰个数采样估计,进而利用所设计的基于信号频谱和轮盘赌思想的Metropolis Hastings机制对相应个数的干扰频率进行采样,最后设计了混合均匀和高斯采样机制对单晶炉热场温度进行采样估计.仿真和单晶炉工程实验结果表明,该方法在干扰个数未知的情况下,能够有效地抑制低频干扰、准确检测单晶炉热场的温度.     

模糊控制器在窑炉温度控制系统中的应用及计算机仿真

对陶瓷工业窑炉中的温度模糊控制问题进行了探讨,提出了模糊控制器在窑炉温控上的具体应用方法,并进行了计算机仿真,仿真结果表明模糊控制效果良好,具有较好的应用前景。     

蒽醌法生产过氧化氢研究进展

过氧化氢是一种重要的无机化工产品，在工业上有着广泛的应用。而蒽醌法以其相对成熟的工艺成为当今世界过氧化氢的主要生产方法。综述了近些年来蒽醌法生产过氧化氢在工作液、氢化催化剂、氧化过程等方面的进展情况，并对其发展方向作一展望。     

Robust consensus algorithm for multi-agent systems with exogenous disturbances under convergence conditions

In this paper, a robust consensus algorithm is developed and sufficient conditions for convergence to consensus are proposed for a multi-agent system (MAS) with exogenous disturbances subject to partial information. By utilizing H_∞ robust control, differential game theory and a design-based approach, the consensus problem of the MAS with exogenous bounded interference is resolved and the disturbances are restrained, simultaneously. Attention is focused on designing an H_∞ robust controller (the robust consensus algorithm) based on minimisation of our proposed rational and individual cost functions according to goals of the MAS. Furthermore, sufficient conditions for convergence of the robust consensus algorithm are given. An example is employed to demonstrate that our results are effective and more capable to restrain exogenous disturbances than the existing literature.     

纳米SiO2粉体的制备与研究

纳米SiO2粉体的制备是以硅酸钠和盐酸为原料，添加适宜的稳定剂(非离子表面活性剂)和分散剂，在适宜的pH值和温度下，采用化学沉淀法合成。研究表明，要得到性能优良纳米的SiO2粉体，最佳工艺条件为：温度20～40℃，pH=6，反应液质量浓度P1=20g／L，P2=1．20g／L，反应时间15min。结果表明：制备的纳米SiO2粒径30～50nm，比表面积大，分散性好，质量优良，可达到产业化的生产。     

Influences of metallic polymeric materials on the properties of fresh polyester and acrylic polymer concrete

To investigate the influences of three metallic polymeric materials in polyester and acrylic fresh polymer concretes (PCs), PC‐incorporated different levels of these materials have been investigated for their properties of fresh PC. The mix design was made and optimized for workability, strength, and economy, depending on the resin viscosity, the intended use, and the additional quantities of these polymeric materials. The properties investigated include workability, working time, and curing time of fresh PC. It is concluded that these polymeric materials offer the possibility of improving properties of polyester and acrylic fresh polymer concretes. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2006